علاقة المناخ في استدامة النظام الحضري في محافظة بغداد

Abstract

Abstract

Change and instability are an almost constant feature of urban systems, as they consist of cities that vary in population and area. This rapid population increase occurred from an early time, coinciding with the Industrial Revolution and after it, so the city became composed of a large number of uses, with high population sizes, and different types of architecture. The number of people using fuel for cooling, heating, transportation, and roads paved with asphalt increased. These specifications changed the components of the air above the city and represented one of the changes in the elements of the climate. High buildings are an obstacle to the winds, and high temperatures through their high ability to store them, thus absorbing the streets of cities. The heat due to its dark color is greater than the reflection of solar rays, and these streets remain dry because they are not able to absorb water, and the city’s air contains an increase in polluted gases that have the ability to absorb terrestrial radiation and at the same time block the exit of terrestrial radiation, which causes temperatures to rise exponentially. Cities change and grow. Slums have greatly affected the climate of cities and its elements, so that it has become different from neighboring areas